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Phylum Echinodermata includes marine invertebrates such as starfish, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers. They are characterized by radial symmetry, a water vascular system for movement and feeding, and an endoskeleton made of calcareous plates. General Characteristics: 1) Habitat: The echinoderms are exclusively marine, non-colonial and largely bottom dwellers. 2) Body: They are triploblastic, coelomate animals. 3) Symmetry: The … Read more
Phylum Mollusca is a diverse group of invertebrates characterized by a soft body, often protected by a hard shell. Mollusks have a muscular foot for movement, a mantle that secretes the shell, and a radula for feeding (in most classes). They inhabit marine, freshwater, and terrestrial environments. General Characteristics: 1) Habitat: Majority of the members are … Read more
Species of Phylum Arthropoda have segmented bodies, exoskeletons made of chitin, and jointed appendages. Arthropods are highly diverse and inhabit various environments, playing important roles in ecosystems as predators, pollinators, scavengers, and more. General Charaderistics: 1) Habitat: These are free-living, aquatic (fresh water/marine) or terrestrial and some are parasitic form also. 2) Organisation: These species exhibit organ … Read more
Phylum Annelida consists of segmented worms called annelids. They have a segmented body with repeated units called metameres or segments. Annelids include earthworms, leeches. They exhibit a variety of lifestyles, including free-living, parasitic, and predatory. General Characteristics: 1) Habitat: They are free living, found in aquatic both marine and freshwater and terrestrial environments. 2) Shape: Body is … Read more
Nematoda, or roundworms, are a phylum of cylindrical, unsegmented worms with a complete digestive system. They are found in diverse environments and include free-living species as well as parasitic species that infect plants, animals, and humans. General Characteristics: 1) Habitat: Mostly parasitic (in animals/plants), few free living. 2) Shape: Body is perfectly cylindrical in shape adapted for living in … Read more
Ctenophora, also known as comb jellies, are a phylum of marine animals characterized by their gelatinous bodies, radial symmetry, and eight rows of cilia, called comb rows, used for locomotion. They capture prey with sticky cells called colloblasts. General Characteristics of Phylum Ctenophora: 1) Habitat: All species are marine; either solitary or colonial. 2) Symmetry: They have biradial symmetry, … Read more